Brick & Block Calculator — Bricks, Mortar & Cost

    Calculate how many bricks or concrete blocks you need for walls, patios, fire pits, and columns. Includes mortar bag estimates and cost calculation.

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    Tips

    • • Type S mortar is standard for most exterior and structural brick/block work
    • • Always wet bricks before laying to prevent them from pulling moisture from the mortar
    • • Order 10% extra bricks — cuts, breakage, and color matching later are easier with extras from the same lot
    • • CMU blocks are faster to lay than bricks but require rebar and grout fill for structural walls

    Estimates only — brick sizes vary by manufacturer and region. Mortar quantities depend on joint thickness and technique.

    Example Calculation

    Building a 20-foot long, 6-foot tall brick wall with standard bricks at 3/8-inch mortar joints and 10% waste? The wall area is 120 square feet, requiring approximately 891 bricks and 26 bags of mortar. At $0.75–$1.50 per brick, materials run $668–$1,337 for the bricks alone.

    Bricks Needed by Wall Size

    Wall SizeStandard Bricks (10% waste)Mortar Bags
    10 × 4 ft (40 sqft)2979
    20 × 4 ft (80 sqft)59417
    20 × 6 ft (120 sqft)89126
    30 × 6 ft (180 sqft)1,33739
    40 × 8 ft (320 sqft)2,37668

    Frequently Asked Questions

    How many bricks do I need per square foot?

    About 6.75 standard bricks per square foot with 3/8-inch mortar joints. Modular bricks run about 6.86 per square foot. Add 10% for waste from cuts and breakage.

    How many concrete blocks do I need per square foot?

    About 1.125 standard 8×8×16 CMU blocks per square foot. A 20-foot long, 8-foot tall wall takes about 180 blocks.

    How much mortar do I need?

    One 80-lb bag of Type S mortar lays approximately 35 standard bricks or 12 CMU blocks. This varies with joint thickness — thicker joints use more mortar.

    What type of mortar should I use?

    Type S for most exterior walls, retaining walls, and anything below grade. Type N for interior walls and above-grade exterior where high strength isn't needed. Type S has a compressive strength of 1,800 PSI versus 750 PSI for Type N.

    How much does a brick wall cost?

    Materials alone run about $8–$15 per square foot for standard brick with mortar. Professional installation adds $15–$30 per square foot for labor. A 120 sqft wall costs roughly $960–$1,800 in materials or $2,760–$5,400 installed.

    Typical Results

    Garden wall(10' long × 3' high, single wythe)150–165 bricks
    Raised bed(4' × 8', 2 courses high)160–180 bricks
    Patio (flat)(10' × 10', soldier course)450–500 bricks

    💡 For structural walls, consult local codes — single-wythe brick walls generally need engineering review above 4' height.

    Common Mistakes

    • Using face brick count for a wall that needs two wythes (double thickness)
    • Not accounting for the mortar joint in spacing calculations
    • Underestimating waste — irregular or curved layouts can hit 15–20% waste